Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Quiz 28

Answer: A – Protect the patient from injury

Explanation: Ensuring the patient’s safety is the most essential action at this time. Options, The other nursing actions may be necessary but are not a major priority.

Answer: D – Portal of entry

Explanation: In the circular chain of infection, pathogens must be able to leave their reservoir and be transmitted to a susceptible host through a portal of entry, such as broken skin.

Answer: C – Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor

Explanation: Respiratory isolation, like strict isolation, requires that the door to the door patient’s room remain closed, However, the patient’s room should be well ventilated, so opening the window or turning on the ventricular is desirable, The nurse does not need to wear gloves for respiratory isolation, but good hand washing is important for all types of isolation.

Answer: A – A patient with leukopenia

Explanation: Leukopenia is a decreased number of leukocytes (white blood cells), which are important in resisting infection, None of the other situations would put the patient at risk for contracting an infection; taking broad-spectrum antibiotics might actually reduce the infection risk.

Answer: A – Soap or detergent to promote emulsification

Explanation: Soaps and detergents are used to help remove bacteria because of their ability to lower the surface tension of water and act as emulsifying agents, Hot water may lead to skin irritation or burns.

Answer: A – 30 seconds

Explanation: Depending on the degree of exposure to pathogens, hand washing may last from 10 seconds to 4 minutes. After routine patient contact, hand washing for 30 seconds effectively minimizes the risk of pathogen transmission.

Answer: B – Urinary catheterization

Explanation: The urinary system is normally free of microorganisms except at the urinary meatus. Any procedure that involves entering this system must use surgically aseptic measures to maintain a bacteria-free state.

Answer: C – Invasive procedures are performed

Explanation: All invasive procedures, including surgery, catheter insertion, and administration of parenteral therapy, require sterile technique to maintain a sterile environment. All equipment must be sterile, and the nurse and the physician must wear sterile gloves and maintain surgical asepsis. In the operating room, the nurse and physician are required to wear sterile gowns, gloves, masks, hair covers, and shoe covers for all invasive procedures, Strict isolation requires the use of clean gloves, masks, gowns and equipment to prevent the transmission of highly communicable diseases by contact or by airborne routes, Terminal disinfection is the disinfection of all contami

Answer: C – Placing a sterile object on the edge of the sterile field

Explanation: The edges of a sterile field are considered contaminated. When sterile items are allowed to come in contact with the edges of the field, the sterile items also become contaminated.

Answer: B – Body hair

Explanation: Hair on or within body areas, such as the nose, traps and holds particles that contain microorganisms, Yawning and hiccupping do not prevent microorganisms from entering or leaving the body, Rapid eye movement marks the stage of sleep during which dreaming occurs.