Physiological Integrity Practice Quiz 2

Answer: C – The woman of childbearing age reporting a craving for ice.

Explanation: Menses may increase the risk of iron-deficiency anemia in some women. Pica, the craving to eat unusual substances like ice or dirt is a classic manifestation of iron-deficiency anemia. Gastric bypass surgery may result in decreased intrinsic factor and absorption of vitamin B12. Patients with chronic renal failure require a specific diet plan. Iron-deficiency anemia will not develop as long as a vegan diet is well-planned.

Answer: C – A large bore catheter to allow blood cells to pass easily into the patient.

Explanation: Large bore catheters are necessary to prevent damage to blood cells. This also decreases development of clots from hemolysis. An 18 gauge needle is often the standard for blood administration.

Answer: C – Dopamine

Explanation: PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that impacts the motor system. Dopamine helps the brain control movement and coordination. Neurons in the brain slowly stop producing dopamine in patients who have PD, making it increasingly difficult to control muscles for movement, including fine motor movement needed to tie one’s shoelaces.

Answer: B – Joint crepitus

Explanation: Crepitus, also called crepitation, describes the grinding, grating, creaking, or popping sounds that occur when a joint moves. Crepitus is present when cartilage is lost. It is characterized by a popping, grating sound, or sometimes the patient feels bone rubbing against bone secondary to loss of cartilage. Decreased grip strength and bilateral joint swelling are more often seen in rheumatoid arthritis.

Answer: B – Apply the new ties before removing the old ones.

Explanation: The best way to change tracheotomy ties is to apply the new ones before removing the old ones. This keeps the tracheostomy in place during the process. With this method, a second person is not necessary; besides, a helper might not prevent the patient from coughing out the tracheotomy. Wait two hours after eating to change the ties, to avoid vomiting from stimulating the gag reflex. Asking the doctor to suture the tracheotomy in place is not appropriate.

Answer: A – That feeling of warmth is normal when the dye is injected. It will last up to 20 seconds.

Explanation: Patients should be instructed that it is normal to experience a warm sensation when I V contrast is injected. The feeling lasts 5-20 seconds.

Answer: D – Tachycardia

Explanation: The heart rate will increase in an attempt to deliver more oxygen to the brain and body. Tachycardia is a pulse rate > 100bpm.

Answer: B – Decrease airway swelling

Explanation: Corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs work by reducing inflammation, swelling, and mucus production in the airways of a person with asthma. As a result, the airways are less inflamed and less likely to react to asthma triggers. Inhaled corticosteroids are the primary treatment for asthma.

Answer: A – Retinopathy

Explanation: A hypertensive emergency is a sudden rise in blood pressure, with a reading of 180/120mmHg or higher. Immediate intervention is necessary. It may cause hypertensive retinopathy, resulting in hemorrhages, exudates, and/or papilledema. Other consequences of a hypertensive emergency include stroke, heart attack, aortic dissection, kidney damage, and pulmonary edema.

Answer: A – Rebound tenderness

Explanation: Rebound tenderness is a sign of peritonitis that could be the result of rupture of the colon. It is a clinical sign that occurs during physical examination, referring to pain upon removal of pressure, not during application of pressure. Bloody diarrhea is a common finding because of bleeding lesions and anal excoriation. A temperature of 99.0F (37.2C) is within normal range, and chronic inflammation may keep temperatures within the high normal range or above.