Psychosocial Integrity Practice Quiz 3

Answer: B – Identify situations that trigger a desire to use the substance

Explanation: Most patients with a substance abuse problem will not be able to use the substance in moderation. The most realistic goal for a patient with a substance abuse problem is to avoid people, places, and events that can trigger substance use. Continued substance abuse is associated with a lack of effective coping skills rather than a lack of willpower.

Answer: B – Frequent reorientation

Explanation: Frequent reorientation is the most effective intervention for a patient diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Behavior modification is an intervention aimed at changing undesirable behaviors. Restraints can increase agitation and should not be used unless absolutely necessary and only when certain criteria are met.

Answer: B – Ideas of reference

Explanation: An idea of reference is the client’s belief that everything that happens is somehow related to the client’s destiny. In this example, the client interprets that the church sermon, along with all the songs and bulletins, are messages from God, intended only for the client. Ideas of reference are related to schizophrenia, delusional disorder, and the manic state of bipolar disorder.

Answer: A – Ensure that the care setting allows the child to redevelop trust.

Explanation: An abused child will require long-term support and therapy, starting with an environment of safety, security, and empathy. The nurse can model appropriate behavior while giving care.

Answer: D – Methamphetamine

Explanation: Methamphetamine intoxication causes a surge of adrenergic stimulation secondary to increased epinephrine and norepinephrine. Methamphetamine use and overdose can be life-threatening. Physical signs are hypertension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, which can lead to circulatory collapse. Hyperthermia and seizures may occur. Behavior changes can include insomnia, anxiety, aggression, hallucinations, mood disturbances, and paranoia.

Answer: C – Frontal lobe

Explanation: The frontal lobe controls responses from the rest of the central nervous system. It is responsible for emotion, behavior, intellect, and memory. Frontal lobe function will be involved if the patient is demonstrating signs of impaired reasoning. The occipital lobe regulates the comprehension of visual images and written words. The hippocampus is the center for learning and processing information into long-term memory.

Answer: B – What happened to make you think your husband doesn’t love you anymore?

Explanation: Initially, the healthcare provider will want to communicate understanding of the situation. Therapeutic communication in this situation would consist of asking a question to explore the patient’s perceptions and valuing the patient’s feelings.

Answer: C – Offer the patient reassurance of safety and security

Explanation: During a panic attack, the patient is experiencing intense apprehension and fear. There are often physical symptoms such as chest pain, palpitations, and trembling. During the panic attack, the patient’s focus is on the distressing physical symptoms caused by the anxiety. Distraction techniques, open-ended questioning, or exploration of phobias will not be helpful during an acute attack.

Answer: C – Hospice care is intended for people who will die in a few weeks or months.

Explanation: Hospice care is a special service for clients and families when life expectancy is just a few weeks or months. According to HIV.gov, HIV+ people who do not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) can progress to AIDS in about three years. With ART, clients with HIV can live for decades without progressing to AIDS.

Answer: B – Decreased chronic pain perception

Explanation: As people age, perception and reporting of chronic pain decreases after the seventh decade. Studies show that many elderly people feel pain is a natural part of aging, and that they perceive pain less serious than other life events, such as loss of a spouse or independence. Acute pain remains consistent across all age groups.